海角社区

Programs Offered

  • Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Studies with Options in:
    Teaching and Learning, Accelerated Multiple Subject
    Program (Pending approval of the California Commission on
    Teacher Credentialing), and Concentrated Studies

    There are two options for prospective Multiple Subject
    Teachers (Teaching and Learning or Accelerated Multiple
    Subject Program). The first six semesters (92 units) of course
    work is identical for both options.

Teaching and Learning Option

This option is for students who plan to pursue a career as an elementary school teacher or an elementary-level special education teacher. The Teaching and Learning Option provides the required multiple-subject content preparation for students seeking the Multiple Subject Teaching Credential for teaching kindergarten through 8th grade or a Special Education credential. This option includes the subject-matter content specified by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CCTC). Upon successful completion of the Liberal Studies Degree, prospective multiple subject teachers who have met all of the prerequisites may apply for admission to a Multiple Subject post baccalaureate credential program. Such programs are two semester programs. This Teaching and Learning option can be completed in 5 years or 10 semesters.

Accelerated Multiple Subject Program

This option permits students to complete a baccalaureate degree in Liberal Studies and the Multiple Subject Credential Program, concurrently. The option also includes the subject matter content preparation specified for Multiple Subject teachers by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CCTC ) and the professional preparation necessary to be recommended for a teaching credential. This option can be completed in nine semesters.

Please Note: Prospective multiple subject teachers who wish to enter the accelerated program and have met all of the requirements for admission, may apply for admission at any time prior to the end of their Junior year. Students who are unable or choose not to be admitted into the accelerated program may complete the baccalaureate degree in Liberal Studies with the option in Teaching and Learning.

Concentrated Studies Option

Students work with a faculty advisor to develop a Program of Study that focuses on a discipline or interdisciplinary area. In addition to students interested in non-traditional or interdisciplinary degree programs, this option will be of interest to students who have taken substantial course work from a four-year institution in a discipline not currently reflected in the majors at 海角社区CI.

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The Teaching and Learning option and the Accelerated Multiple Subject Program provide the content knowledge preparation for the CSET, which is necessary for teaching grades K-8 and for admission into teacher education programs, including the Multiple-Subject and Special Education Teaching Credential Programs. Students who are interested in teaching grades 6-12 should consider obtaining a bachelor鈥檚 degree in a traditional major (e.g. History, English, Math, or one of the sciences) and then apply to be admitted into a Single Subject Teaching Credential Program or a Level I Special Education Credential Program. The Concentrated Studies Option provides a broadly-based background for entry into professional and/or graduate programs. This option is for students who need flexibility in order to complete their education, or need to prepare for specific careers not represented by California State University Channel Islands鈥 current majors.

Program Learning Outcomes

Students graduating from the Liberal Studies Program will be able to:

  • Effectively evaluate oral or written communication for accuracy of content, logic of argument, and clarity of reasoning;
  • Demonstrate proficiency in computer literacy, information literacy, and technological literacy;
  • Analyze socio-cultural issues including race, class, ethnicity, gender, and language and discuss societal issues that may arise;
  • Demonstrate content area knowledge related to their program of study and intended career goals; and
  • Demonstrate content area knowledge related to the CCTC content standards for the Multiple Subject Teaching Credential for graduates from the Teaching and Learning Option.

Faculty Advisors聽

The following faculty members have expressed a willingness to serve as advisors for a student鈥檚 Program of Study in the Concentrated Studies Option in the indicated area:

William H. Adams, Ph.D.
(Anthropology, Social Science, Multiculturalism, Oral History, African American History)
805-437-8866, bill.adams@csuci.edu

Mary Adler, Ph.D.,
(Single-Subject English)
805-437-8486, mary.adler@csuci.edu

Simone Aloisio, Ph.D.,
(Single-Subject Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Forensic Science)
805-437-8999, simone.aloisio@csuci.edu

Harley Baker, Ed.D.,
(Human Development)
805-437-8997, harley.baker@csuci.edu

Julia Balen, Ph.D.,
(Gender and Multicultural Studies)
805-437-8435, julia.balen@csuci.edu

Terry Ballman, Ph.D.,
(Humanities)
805-437-8996, terry.ballman@csuci.edu

Frank Barajas, Ph.D.,
(Social Science)
805-437-8871, frank.barajas@csuci.edu

Robert E. Bleicher, Ph.D.,
(Education)
805-437-8508, bob.bleicher@csuci.edu

Rainer Buschmann, Ph.D.,
(Social Science)
805-437-8995, rainer.buschmann@csuci.edu

Renny Christopher, Ph.D.,
(Gender Studies)
805-437-8994, renny.christopher@csuci.edu

Geoff Dougherty, Ph.D.,
(Physics, Medical Imaging)
805-437-8990, geoff.dougherty@csuci.edu

Scott Frisch, Ph.D.,
(Political Science)
805-437-2770, scott.frisch@csuci.edu

Ivona Grzegorczyk, Ph.D.,
(Single-Subject Mathematics)
805-437-8868, ivona.grzegorczyk@csuci.edu

Phil Hampton, Ph.D.,
(Chemistry)
805-437-8869, philip.hampton@csuci.edu

Nian-Sheng Huang, Ph.D.,
(Single-Subject History)
805-437-8879, nian.huang@csuci.edu

Antonio Jimenez-Jimenez, Ph.D.,
(Spanish)
805-437-8501, antonio.jimenez@csuci.edu

Liz King, M.F.A.,
(Multimedia)
805-437-8556, liz.king@csuci.edu

Joan Peters, Ph.D.,
(Creative Writing-Fiction and Non-fiction, Oral History and Journalism)
805-437-8448, joan.peters@csuci.edu

Don Rodriguez, Ph.D.,
(Environmental Science and Resource Management)
805-437-8494, don.rodriguez@csuci.edu

Peter Smith, Ph.D.,
(Computers and Computer Science)
805-437-8882, peter.smith@csuci.edu

Lillian Vega-Castaneda, Ed.D.,
(Language and Culture in Education)
805-437-8872, lilian.castaneda@csuci.edu

Kevin Volkan, Ph.D.,
(Social Sciences)
805-437-8867, kevin.volkan@csuci.edu

Ching-Hua Wang, M.D., Ph.D.,
(Single-Subject -Biology, and Pre-Professional Programs)
805-437-8870, ching-hua.want@csuci.edu

Amy Wallace, M.L.I.S.,
(Library and Information Science)
805-437-8911, amy.wallace@csuci.edu

Contact Information



Advising Center
Bell Tower Building, Room 1552
805-437-8571
Fax: 805-437-8857
advisement@csuci.edu

Credential Information

The Liberal Studies Teaching and Learning Option is a Multiple Subject Matter Preparation Program, however, students must complete the Liberal Studies Teaching and Learning Option and must pass either the California Basic Educational Skills Test (CBEST) and the California Subject Examination for Teachers (CSET-MS), or the CSET-MS with writing skills-test prior to admission to 海角社区CI鈥檚 Multiple Subject Credential Program. For more information about credential programs see the Education section and contact the 海角社区CI Credential Office.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree in Liberal Studies (120 Units) [top]

Requirements for the Teaching and Learning Option (85 - 88 units)

These units include General Education, Liberal Studies Core, Emphasis, and Capstone courses. Requirements for the Emphases are available from the Advising Center. Three of the six units of the American Institutions Requirement and 36- 39 units of General Education are included in the Core for the Teaching and Learning Option.

Required Core Courses (76-79 units)

  1. Reading, Language, and Literature (18-21 units)
    Select either:

    ENGL 105 Composition and Rhetoric I (3)
    or
    ENGL 102 & 103 Stretch Composition I & II (6)

    Additional courses:

    COMM 101 Public Speaking (3)
    COMM 345 Media Literacy and Youth Culture (EDUC) (3)
    ENGL 212 Introduction to Children鈥檚 Literature (3)
    ENGL 315 Introduction to Language Structure and Linguistics (3)
    ENGL 475 Language in Social Context (3)

  2. History and Social Science (18 units)
    ESRM 105 Environmental Issues in Geography (3)
    EDUC 101 Introduction to Elementary Schooling (3)
    EDUC 320 Education in Modern Society (3)
    HIST 211 World Civilizations: Origins to 1500 (3)
    HIST 275 The United States to 1900 (3)
    HIST 369 California History and Culture (3)

  3. Mathematics (6 units)
    MATH 208 Modern Math for Elementary Teaching I: Numbers and Problem Solving (3)
    MATH 308 Modern Math for Elementary Teaching II: Geometry, Probability & Statistics (3)

  4. Science (15 units)
    BIOL 170 Foundations of Life Science (4)
    PHSC 170 Foundations in Physical Science (4)
    GEOL 300 Foundations of Earth Science (4)
    COMP 110 Computer Literacy for Educators (LS) (3)

  5. Visual and Performing Arts (6 units)
    ART 102 Multicultural Children鈥檚 Art (3)
    PATH 343 Teaching Drama to Children (EDUC) (3)

  6. Physical Education and Health (4 units)
    PHED 302 Motor Learning, Fitness and Development in Children (2)
    HLTH 322 Health Issues in Education (2)

  7. Human Development, Learning and Cognition (6 units)
    PSY 213 Developmental Psychology (3)
    PSY 345 Individuals with Disabilities in Society (SPED) (3)

  8. Capstone (3 units)
    LS 499 Capstone Project (3)
    The capstone project (LS 499) must be passed with a grade of 鈥淏鈥 or better for the Teaching and Learning Option.

Required Emphasis (9 units)

Nine additional units must be taken from one of the following Emphases:

  • Reading, Language and Literature
  • History and Social Science
  • Mathematics
  • Science
  • Visual and Performing Arts
  • Physical Education and Health
  • Human Development and Psychology
  • Bilingual Studies: Spanish/ English
  • BCLAD
  • Special Education

Required Supporting, General Education and Elective Courses (20-23 units)

Foreign Language (3 units)

(May double count for Reading, Language and Literature Emphasis; Spanish language may double count for Bilingual Studies)

American Institutions Requirement (3 units)

Electives (17-20 units)

(Must satisfy General Education categories A3 and C2 if not covered in emphasis)

Additional Courses (0-10)

Students are strongly encouraged to take. EDUC 510, EDUC 512, EDUC 520, and EDUC 521 as electives since these courses are prerequisites for admission to the 海角社区CI Multiple- Subject Teaching Credential Program.

The Liberal Studies Program requires that all major courses be completed with a grade of 鈥淐鈥 or better in the Teaching and Learning Option.

Special Note: Students who plan to enter a teaching credential program in California will be required to have a cumulative GPA of 2.67 OR a 2.75 GPA in the last 60 units of their baccalaureate degree to be eligible for admission to the post baccalaureate credential program.

Freshman

Fall (15 units)

EDUC 101 Introduction to Elementary Schooling (3) GE D
HIST 211 World Civilizations: Origins to 1500 (3) GE D
POLS 150 American Political Institutions (American Institutions-Gov鈥檛) (3)
UNIV 110 Critical Thinking and the University Mission (3) GE A3

Select either:

ENGL 105 Composition and Rhetoric I (3)
or
ENGL 102 & 103 Stretch Composition I & II (6)

Spring (16 units)

ART 102 Multicultural Children鈥檚 Art (3) GE C1, C3b
COMM 101 Public Speaking (3) GE A1
COMP 110 Computer Literacy for Educators (LS) (3) GE B4
HIST 275 United States History to 1900 (3)
PHSC 170 Foundations in Physical Science (4) GE B1

Sophomore

Fall (14 units)

BIOL 170 Foundations of Life Sciences GE B2 (4) (includes lab)
ESRM 105 Environmental Issues in Geography (3) GE D
ENGL 212 Introduction to Children鈥檚 Literature (3)
SPAN 101 Elementary Spanish I (4) GE C3a

Spring (16 units)

MATH 208 Modern Mathematics for Elementary School Teaching I - Numbers and Problem Solving (3) GE B3
GEOL 300 Foundations of Earth Science (4)
HIST 369 California History and Culture (3)
PSY 213 Developmental Psychology (3) GE D, E
Literature Course (3) GE C2

Junior

Fall (14 units)

COMM 345 Media Literacy and Youth Culture (EDUC) (3) GE A1, D, INTD
EDAP 364 Initial Classroom Apprenticeship (2)
ENGL 315 Introduction to Language, Structure and Linguistics (3)
PATH 343 Teaching Drama to Children (EDUC) (3) GE C1, INTD
PSY 345 Individuals with Disabilities in Society (SPED) (3) GE D, E, INTD

Spring (17 units)

EDAP 365 Advanced Classroom Apprenticeship (2)
EDUC 510 Learning Theory and Development Applied in Multicultural Contexts (3)
EDUC 512 Equity, Diversity, Foundations of Schooling (3) GE C3b
EDUC 520 Observing and Guiding Behavior in Multilingual/Multicultural and Inclusive Classrooms (3)
ENGL 475 Language in Social Context (3)
Emphasis Course (3)

Senior

Fall (14 units)

MATH 308 Modern Math for Elementary School Teaching II - Geometry, Probability and Statistics (3)
PHED 302 Motor Learning, Fitness and Development in Children (3) GE E
Advanced Writing Class (3)
Elective (3)
Emphasis Course (3)

Spring (14 units)

LS 499 Capstone Project (3)
HLTH 322 Health Issues in Education (3)
Upper Division GE (3)
Emphasis Course (3)
Elective (3)

Requirements for the Accelerated Program (135 units) (Pending CCTC Approval) [top]

Required Courses (87 - 90 units)

  1. Reading, Language and Literature (27-30 units)
    Select either:

    ENGL 105 Composition and Rhetoric I (3) or
    ENGL 102 & 103 Stretch Composition I & II (6)
    ENGL 212 Introduction to Children鈥檚 Literature (3)
    ENGL 315 Introduction to Language, Structure and Linguistics (3)
    ENGL 475 Language in Social Context (3)
    COMM 101 Public Speaking (3) GE A1
    COMM 345 Media Literacy and Youth Culture (EDUC) (3) GE A1, D, INTD
    COMM 346 School Communication (EDUC) (3) GE A1,INTD

    Integrated Content and Methods

    EDAP 422 Literacy 1: Multicultural/Multilingual (3)
    EDAP 423 Literacy 2: Multicultural/Multilingual (3)

  2. History and Social Science (18 units)
    HIST 211 World Civilizations: Origins to 1500 (3) GE D
    HIST 275 The United States History to 1900 (3) (American Institutions-Hist)
    HIST 369 California History and Culture (3)
    POLS 150 American Political Institutions (3) (American Institutions-Gov鈥檛)
    ERSM 105 Environmental Issues in Geography (3) GE D

    Integrated Content and Methods
    EDAP 427 Social Studies in Integrative Art (3)

  3. Mathematics (9 units)
    MATH 208 Modern Mathematics for Elementary Teaching I - Numbers and Problem Solving (3) GE B3

    Integrated Content and Methods

    EDAP 426 Teaching Geometry and Measurement in Elementary Schools (3)
    EDAP 428 Teaching Data Analysis, Probability and Mathematical Reasoning in Elementary Schools (3)

  4. Science (18 units)
    COMP 110 Computer Literacy for Educators (LS) (3) GE B4
    BIOL 170 Foundations of Life Science (4) GE B2
    PHSC 170 Foundations in Physical Science (4)
    GEOL 300 Foundations of Earth Science (4)

    Integrated Content and Methods

    EDAP 429 Teaching Science in Elementary Schools (3)

  5. Visual and Performing Arts (6 units)
    ART 102 Multicultural Children鈥檚 Art (3) GE C1, C3b
    PATH 343 Teaching Drama to Children (EDUC) (3) GE C1, INTD

  6. Physical Education and Health (3 units)

    Integrated Content and Methods
    EDAP 425 Health and Physical Education in Elementary Schools (3)

  7. Human Development, Learning and Cognition (6 units)
    PSY 213 Developmental Psychology (3) GE D, E
    PSY 345 Individuals with Disabilities (SPED) (3) GE D, INTD

  8. Capstone
    The student teaching experience is considered as the capstone experience in the Accelerated Multiple Subject Program Option.

Additional Professional Preparation Courses (29 units)

EDUC 101 Introduction to Elementary Schooling (3) GE D
EDAP 364 Intermediate Classroom Apprenticeship (1)
EDAP 365 Advanced Classroom Apprenticeship (2)
EDAP 467 Student Teaching 1 (3)
EDAP 468 Student Teaching Seminar I (1)
EDAP 469 Student Teaching 2 (3)
EDAP 470 Student Teaching Seminar II (1)
EDAP 471 Student Teaching 3 (5)
EDAP 472 Student Teaching Seminar III (1)
EDUC 510 Learning Theory and Development Applied in Multicultural Contexts (3)
EDUC 512 Equity, Diversity, Foundations of Schoolin (3) GE C3b
EDUC 520 Observing and Guiding Behavior in Multilingual/Multicultural and Inclusive Classrooms (3)

Required Emphasis (9 units)

Nine additional units must be taken from one of the following emphases:
  • Reading, Language and Literature
  • History and Social Science
  • Mathematics
  • Science
  • Visual and Performing Arts
  • Physical Education and Health
  • Human Development and Psychology
  • Bilingual Studies: Spanish/English
  • BCLAD
  • Special Education

Students are strongly encouraged to select an emphasis in mathematics, science, special education or BCLAD since these are areas of greatest teacher shortage.

Required Supporting, General Education and Elective Courses (10 units)

UNIV 110 Critical Thinking and the University Mission (3) GE A3
SPAN 101 Elementary Spanish I (4) Literature Course GE C2 (3)

Recommended Sequence of Study for Multiple Subject Integrated Program Option

Freshman

Fall (15 units)

EDUC 101 Introduction to Elementary Schooling (3) GE D
HIST 211 World Civilizations to 1500 (3) GE D
POLS 150 American Political Institutions (American Institutions-Gov鈥檛) (3)
UNIV 110 Critical Thinking and the University Mission (3) GE A3

Select either:
ENGL 105 Composition and Rhetoric I (3)
or
ENGL 102 & 103 Stretch Composition I & II (6)


Spring (16 units)


ART 102 Multicultural Children鈥檚 Art (3) GE C1
COMM 101 Public Speaking (3) GE A1, C3b
COMP 110 Computer Literacy for Educators (LS) (3) GE B4
HIST 275 The United States to 1900 (3)
PHSC 170 Foundations of Physical Science (4) GE B1

Sophomore

Fall (14 units)

BIOL 170 Foundations of Life Sciences (4) GE B2 (includes lab)
ESRM 105 Environmental Issues in Geography (3) GE D
ENGL 212 Introduction to Children鈥檚 Literature (3)
SPAN 101 Elementary Spanish I (4) C3a

Spring (16 units)

MATH 208 Modern Mathematics for Elementary School Teaching - Numbers and Problem Solving (3) GE B3
GEOL 300 Foundations of Earth Science (4)
HIST 369 California History and Culture (3)
PSY 213 Developmental Psychology (3) GE D, E
Literature Course (3) GE C2

Junior

Fall (13 units)

COMM 345 Media Literacy and Youth Culture (EDUC) (3) GE A1, D, INTD
EDAP 364 Initial Classroom Apprenticeship (1)
ENGL 315 Introduction to Language, Structure and Linguistics (3)
EDUC 343 Teaching Drama to Children (PATH) (3) GE C1, INTD
PSY 345 Individuals with Disabilities in Society (SPED) (3) GE D, E, INTD

Spring (14 units)

EDAP 365 Advanced Classroom Apprenticeship (2)
EDUC 510 Learning Theory and Development Applied in Multicultural Contexts (3)
EDUC 512 Equity, Diversity, Foundations of Schooling (3) GE C3b
EDUC 520 Observing and Guiding Behavior in Multilingual/Multicultural and Inclusive Classrooms (3)
ENGL 475 Language in Social Context (3)

Senior

Fall (16 units)

COMM 346 School Communication (EDUC) (3) GE A1, INTD
EDAP 422 Literacy I: Multicultural/Multilingual (3)
EDAP 426 Teaching Geometry and Measurements in Elementary Schools (3)
EDAP 467 Student Teaching 1 (3)
EDAP 468 Student Teaching Seminar I (1) Emphasis Course (3)

Spring (16 units)

EDAP 423 Literacy 2: Multicultural/Multilingual (3)
EDAP 428 Teaching Data Analysis, Probability and Mathematical Reasoning in Elementary Schools (3)
EDAP 429 Teaching Science in Elementary Schools (3)
EDAP 469 Student Teaching 2 (3)
EDAP 470 Student Teaching Seminar II (1) Emphasis Course (3)

Fall II (15 units)

EDAP 427 Social Studies In Integrated Art (3)
EDAP 425 PE and Health Cont Methods (3)
EDAP 471 Student Teaching 3 (5)
EDAP 472 Student Teaching Seminar III (1) Emphasis Course (3)

Requirements for Admission to the Accelerated Program

Students must be accepted into the accelerated program prior to enrolling in EDAP 467. Students may apply for admission at any time after completing 60 units in the Liberal Studies Program. Admission will be granted based upon completing the following requirements for admission. Applications and advising are available in the 海角社区CI Credential Office.

  1. Examinations. Students must pass either the California Basic Educational Skills Test (CBEST) and the California Subject Examination for Teachers (CSET-MS), or the CSET-MS with writing skills test prior to admission to the integrated program.

  2. Grade Point Average. Students must pass all prerequisite classes with no grade lower than a 鈥淐.鈥 A cumulative grade point average of 2.67 overall or 2.75 in the last 60 units or better is required for admission to the integrated program.

  3. Health Clearance. Evidence of a negative tuberculin test is required. The tuberculin test is valid for four (4) years and must be valid through student teaching. The tuberculin test may be completed at a private physician鈥檚 office, the county health department, or the 海角社区 Channel Islands Student Health Center.

  4. Certificate of Clearance. Students must possess or apply for a valid Certificate of Clearance as part of admission. A copy of an emergency permit satisfies the clearance requirement. The Certificate of Clearance is a background check and clearance conducted by the Department of Justice and Federal Bureau of Investigation.

  5. One set of official transcripts. One set of official transcripts with a list of courses in progress must be submitted to the Credential Office with the program application.

  6. Two Letters of Recommendation. Two letters of recommendation from faculty, employers, and/or others who are knowledgeable about the student鈥檚 personal qualities and potential to work with children must be submitted with the program application.

  7. Experience. At least 45 hours of documented field experience in a K-8 classroom or an equivalent documented field experience must be completed.

  8. Writing Sample. Writing samples are required as part of the application process. The writing sample includes a 500-600 word essay describing the applicant鈥檚 interest in teaching children with the divThe Accelerated Program admissions committee will interview candidates once all other portions of the admissions requirements are complete.

  9. Interview. The Accelerated Program admissions committee will interview candidates once all other portions of the admissions requirements are complete.

Program Maintenance Requirements:

In order to remain in the integrated program, students must maintain a grade point average of 3.0 (鈥淏鈥) or better, with no course grades lower than a 鈥淐+.鈥

Requirements For the Concentrated Studies Option (57 units)

This option consists of a 9 unit Core, a 45 unit Program of Study, and a 3 unit Capstone. In order for a student to have their Program of Study approved, it must be developed with a tenure-track faculty advisor. General Education may not be double-counted with the requirements for this Option.

Required Core Courses (9 units)

Choose one course from each of the following three core areas.

  1. Advanced Writing Course (3 Units)
    Select either:
    ENGL 330 Writing in the Disciplines (3)
    or
    ENGL 478 Writing as Reflective Practice (3)

  2. Multicultural Studies (3 Units)
    Any three unit course approved for General Education, Area C3b. (See General Education requirements in the university catalog)


  3. Computer Literacy (3 Units)
    COMP 101 Computer Literacy (3)

Program of Study (45 units)

The Program of Study must be arranged with a faculty advisor. Students are strongly encouraged to pursue a minor as part of the Program of Study. A minimum of 24 units must be upperdivision. Community college courses may be used in the Program of Study provided they are approved by the faculty advisor and are not used to meet General Education or the American Institutions Requirements. Students must select a faculty advisor within the first 60 days after they begin taking coursework at 海角社区CI and submit their initial Program of Study to the Advising Center. A list of faculty who are willing to serve as advisors to the Concentrated Studies Option students is provided at the beginning of this catalog description.

Capstone (3 units)

All students must enroll in LS 499 during the final year prior to graduation.
LS 499 Capstone Project (3)

(The Capstone Project (LS 499) must be passed with a grade of 鈥淏鈥 or better.)

Required Supporting and Other General Education Requirements (63 units)

Other courses may be needed to meet the following:
Foreign Language Graduation Requirements (3)
American Institutions Requirements (6)
General Education Requirements and Electives (54)

The Liberal Studies Program requires that all major courses be completed with a grade of 鈥淐鈥 or better in the Concentrated Studies Option.

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